Gas-analysis apparatus.



Patented .luly 9, '1901.

(No Nudel.)

UNITED STATES PATENT GEFICE.

MAX ARNDT, F AlX-LA-CHAPELLE, GERMANY.

GAS-ANALYSIS APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 678,1 54, dated July 9, 1901.

Application tiled December 6, 1899. Serial No. 739,436. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MAX ARNDT, a subject of the King of Prussia, German Emperor, residing at Aix-la-Chapelle, Germany, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Performing Analyses of Gases by the Absorption of a Gas from a Gaseous Mixture, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to apparatus in which gas analyses are performed by the absorption of a gas from a gaseous mixture and the result thereof automatically recorded.

The invention consists in an apparatus in which the parts for effecting the absorption of the gas whose percentage volume in a gaseous mixture is to be ascertained and recorded are moved simultaneously from an actuatinglever, whereby also the gas and air supply tubes of the apparatus are opened and closed as required in the absorption process.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a sectional elevation of sufficient of the apparatus to explain the invention, and Fig. 2 is a similar view of a modified construction of the same.

lis a portion of a vessel serving as a lholder or absorption-chamber for the reception of the gaseous mixture to be analyzed, and 2 is another portion of the same vessel, serving as a holder or chamber for the reception of the liquid absorbing medium 4a and provided with a iiexible filling-tube 8, to which is attached a illing vessel 7, having a stopper 7a. The holders 1 and 2 can be hermetically shut off from one another by means of a valve 3, fixed on a rod 5, which has also attached to it a body 4, dipping into the absorbing medium '4a. Said body is formed Aof dished plates and serves to carry some of the absorbing medium into the gas-holder 1 when the rod 5, carrying the valve 3 and thebody 4, is lifted through the stuiiing-box 5a, whereupon the particular gas which it isdesired to absorbfrom the gaseous mixture inclosed in the gas-holder l is absorbed by chemical combination with the absorbing medium 4a.

l@ lb are flexible tubes attached at one end to tubular parts projecting from the gas-tight cover of the holder,` l and serving for the inlet and exit of the gaseous mixture. Said tubes connect with the gas-'tubes e2 e4, each of which penetrates into a vessel E, containtimes.

' suitable times.

ing a liquid seal for closing its end at suitable Flexible tube 1b further connects with the vessel i and through this with the air-tube f', the former being charged with wadding to partially prevent the passageof gasinto the A latter and act as a resistance to the Iiow of gas and as a strainer. The air-tube f', like the gas-'tubes e2 e4, penetrates into a vessel F, also containing a liquid seal for closing its end at This -vessel communicates with the atmosphere, as shown. .The gastube e2 is surrounded by a gas-'space e and gas-tube e4 by a similar space e3. The space e communicates through flexible tube E', filter W, and tube Ea with the source of supply of gaseous mixture, as indicated by arrow I. The filter W is packed with wadding for cleansing the gaseous mixture from dust, soot, and the like. The space e3 communicates with the atmosphere through ilexible tube E2, as indicated by arrow III. The opening and closing of the two gas-tubes e2 e4, as well as of the air-tube f', takes place during the absorbing process. The three liquid-seal vessels E E E communicate by a common tube and also by a flexible tube D with a vessel B, supplied with the sealing liquid C-mercury, for instance. When this vessel is'raised, the liquid `C acts to close the gastubes e2 e4 and the air-tube f', and when lowered to set free the open ends of said tubes. The end of lthe gas-tube e4 lies somewhat higher than that of gas-tube e2 and somewhat lower than that of tube f', so that the tubes can be closed one after another, e2 being first to be closed. The mercuryand the vessels Er and F act as valves to cut off or changethe direction of the iiow of gas through the apparatus. In order during the time the gastubes e2 e4 are shut oH-that is, during the absorbing process-to be able to supply gas through flexible tube E, the gas-space e is further placed` in communication with a liquid-seal vessel G through a flexible tube E3, attached to a gas tube which penetrates through the stopper of the liquid-seal vessel l IOO open the liquid seal C prevents the exit of gas through tube E4. Consequently upon the charging of the gas-holder with a fresh gaseous mixture the exit of gas always takes place through tube Ez and during the absorbing process through E4.

g is a measuring-receiver which forms part ofthe device for opening and shutting olf the supply of gas. This receiver communicates by a tubular project-ing part g and flexible tube]E2 with the air-tubef, and consequently also through vessel t' and. lexible tube 1 with the gas-holder 41. The same is furnished with a scale 10, having divisions indicating percentages of volume in proportion to the gasspace, and communicates through a tube'l with a measuring vessel 11 and is charged with this latter vessel, up to zero-point, with a sealing or measuring liquid 12-parafn-oil, for instance. Vithin the vessel 11 is a float 14, suspended, by means of a rod 14, from one end of a lever 15, oscillating on pin 15'. The other end of said lever is connected to a rod 16', carrying a marking-style 16. 116a is a device for disengaging the marking-style.

2O is a support on which is fixed a clockwork 19, the drum 18 of which performs one revolution iu twenty-fourhours. Said drum is furnished with a paper recording-slip 17,

having divisions proportionate to the scale 10. The whole apparatus is worked in a controlled manner from a lever A, mounted to turn on pin 0.. A convenient method of moving this lever is to attach a rod s to the end of the arm (t4 of the same and therefrom to work it up and down by mechanical means. In the arm a3 of said leverisa curved slot a2, in which is loosely carried a pin 6U, and on thelend of this are fixed two parallel connecting-rods 6, the opposite ends of which are connected by a joint-pin 6iL to the valve-rod 5. Each connecting-rod 6 has attached to it on the outside a weight 6C for the purpose when the lever A descendsof causing the ro'd 5, 'valve 3, and absorbing-body 4 to-des'cend of themselves. Between the two connectingrods is a space which permits the free movement of the slotted part of the armct3 when the lever descends through the angle To the lever A is jointed by a pin b' the rod b2, and to this latter the slide b4, adapted to move in a guideway b3, and having attached to it the vessel B, so that it follows the up and down movements of the lever A.

The apparatus works as follows: Shortly before the end of the stroke of the actuatinglever A through the angle a' the liquid C in vessel B, raised by the rod b2, has already shut oft the open ends of the gas-tubes e2 c4 and of the air-tube f', and thereby also the gaseous mixture in the gas-holder 1. the further ascent of the lever A the lower end of the slot a2 comes against the 'pin 6b `and through connecting-rod 6 draws the rod 5 upward through its stuffing-box 5, thereby lifting the valve 3 and body 4 into'thegas-holder 1. The process of absorbing the gas to be Upon separated, and whose quantity is to be ascertained and recorded, from the gaseous mixture inclosed in the holder 1 now proceeds by reason ot' the absorbing medium carried by the body 4 coming into direct contact'with the gaseous mixture, whereupon the gas to be separated enters into chemical combination with and is absorbed by the absorbing medium. The process of absorption is complete when the lever A has litted the valve 3 up to the cover of the gas-holder 1. A rarefaction of the incloscd gaseous mixture is brought about at the same time and spreads through the tube 1b, vessel 1l, and tubes f' f2 to the measuring-receiver g, so that into the latter is drawn a liquid column which is in equilibrium with the rarefaction that has taken place in the holder 1. The liquid 12 correspondingly falls in the `container 1l, the oat` 14 also falling and the style 1U thereby raised, at the same time marking upon the paper strip 17 a vertical line proportionate in height to the liquid column drawn into the measuring-receiver c and consequently also to the degree of rarefaction produced in the absorbing process. For instance, if previous to this process the gaseous mixture contained twelve per cent. in volume of a particular gas, which percentage is to be ascertained and recorded by means of the apparatus, theliquid vcolumn in the measuring-receiver g will upon the completion ot' the absorption have risen to the twelfth division of the scale lO'and the marking-style to the twelfth line of the paper strip 17. The analysis is now finished and the result autov matically recorded on the paper strip, which result can also be read oft on the scale 10. In order to insure that for every gas analysis, therefore, for the absorbing process the gasholder shall always contain gaseous mixture like that which at the particular time is present attfh'esource of supply, gaseous mixture is likewise conductedto the apparatus through tube-EYand then taking'its way through iiltcr W and flexible tube E3 to the liquid-container G passes from the latter through the flexible tube E4in the ldirection of arrow I1 to the atmosphere, this occurring until the actuatinglever A has fallen back through the angle a2 and the valve 3 by reason of the gravity of the Weights 6c hasreturned to its seat in the gas-holder, whereby the latter is again shut ott' from theabsorbing medium 4, and then the liquid seal C2, having fallen, no longer keeps the gas-tubes c2 c1 and the air-tube j" closed. Only upon the further fall ot' the lever Abelow the angle azdoes the correspondingly-falling liquid seal C leave open, first, the higher-located air-tubef', whereupon air passes from the space f through said tube `and tube f2 intothe measuring-receiver g, so

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paper strip. At the same time air also passes from the space f through tube f', vessel fr', and tube 1b into the gas-holder 1, so that this also is in equilibrium with the atmosphere. If now the lever A, and consequently also the liquid seal C, descends somewhat more, the open ends of the gas-tubes e2 e4 will be set free, and then, by reason of the resistance of the liquid seal O, which closes the end of tube E3, the gases further passing to the apparatus through tube E take their way no longer through the container Gr, but pass into the gas-space c', thence through tubes e2 and 1n into the gas-holder 1, from the latter through tubes 1b and e4 into the gas-space e3, and from this through tube F.2 in the direction indicated by arrow III to the atmosphere. The gas remaining behind in the gas-holder 1 after the previous gas analysis in the same is now driven out and a fresh gaseous mixture for another analysis charged therein until the open ends of the gas-tubes c2 e4 are again sealed up by the liquid C in the ascent of the lever A, a gaseous mixture which is under atmospheric pressure then being inclosed in the holder 1 as the gas-pressure in the latter is placed in equilibrium with the atmosphere through flexible tube 1b, Vessel t', and air-tubef', because this latter is shutoff later than the gas-tubes e2 e4. The absorbing process and the indicating and recording operation performed in the described manner may be repeated as often-as required.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 2 is substantially quite similar in its composition and working to that of Fig. l, from which it differs only in that the gas-tubes e2 e4and airtube f are opened and shut off by means of valvesinstead of hydraulically. This is done in the same time intervals as in the apparatus of Fig. 1. In Fig. 2 the actuating-lever Avis provided with an arm a5, to which are jointed the rods 74 80. 0n the former is mounted a roller 75 and on the latter a roller S1. The rod 74- has jointed to it a rod 77, and the rod 8O a rod 83. The opposite end o f rod 77 is jointed to the middle part of a bar 72, on the ends of which are respectively carried the stems 68 69 of valves 6.3 65, and the opposite end of rod 83 is jointed to a bar 73, and this latter to the stem of the air-valve 67. Underneath the roller is fixed a guidebracket 76 and underneath the .roller 81a guide-bracket S2, so that upon the ascent of the lever A each roller will move up the inclined curve ofitsguide-bracket and close the valves 63 65 67 and,in versely,upon the descent of the leverAclose these valves. The guidebrackets 76 82 are so formed and located that more especially designed for apparatusthat oxygen or carbonicl oxid therein if for thefree oxygen pyrogallate and for the carbonic oxid cupric clilorid is used.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is 1. Inan apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber,of means for conducting gasinto the same from asource of supply, a gas-cut-off device interposed between the source of supply and the gas-chamber and an indicating and a cooperating floatactuated recording device both operated by a variation of pressure caused by the action of the chemical on the gas in said. chamber, substantially as described and shown.

2. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, of a receptacle for a chemical forming part thereof, means for conducting gas intoy the chamber from a source of supply, a gas-cut-off device interposed between the source of supply and said chamber, an indicating and oatactuated recording device operated by variation in pressure caused by the action of a chemical on the gas in said chamber, substantially as described and shown.

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, a receptacle forachemical forming part thereof, of a Valve interposed between the chamber and receptacle, means for conductinggas into the chamber from a source of supply, a valveinterposed between the source of supply and said chamber and connected therewith, an indicating and vfloat-actuated recording device both operated by variation of pressure in the chamber due to the action of the chemical on the gas, substantially as described and shown.

Y, 4. In an apparatus of the class described,

the combination with the gas absorption chamber,its interconnected cut-off and outlet Valves; of a lever, a slotted portion thereon, a device for conveying chemical to the absorption-chamber and slidably connected to the slotted portion of said lever, a liquid-reservoir also connected to said lever and with all of said valves, whereby on moving said lever the valves will be successively sealed in the order named and then the device for conveying chemical moved, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, and a source of gas-supply, of a valve interposed between said chamber and supply, an indi- IOO IIO

eating device, a valve-controlled gas-outlet from said chamber connected with said indicating device and a :float-operated recording device, substantially as described and shown.

6. In an apparatus ot' the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, of a source of gas-supply, a valve interposed between said supply and gas-chamber, a gasoutlet connected with two valves, means for successively closing said valves, a liquidlevel-indicating device connected to one of said valves and a float-operated recording device operated by variation of liquid-level in the indicator, substantially as described and shown.

7. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas -chamber, of a source of gas supply, a valve interposed therein, a gas-outlet from said chamber a valve interposed therein and a third valve connected with the gas-outlet, a liquid-leveloperated indicator connected with the lastmentioned valve and through it with the gasoutlet, and a Heat-operated recording mechanism controlled by the level of the liquid in the indicator, substantially as described and shown.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, of devices for introducing a chemical therein, mechanism for operating the same, a gas-supply pipe, a eutoti valve therein, a liquidsealed relief-valve between said valve andv source of supply and means tor closing said valve, operated by the chemical-introducing mechanism, substantially as described and shown.

9. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, of a receptacle for chemicals below said chamber, a valve separating the two, devices for lifting chemical from the receptacle into the gaschamber, a gas-supply pipe, a cut-off valve therein, an outlet-pipe from said chamber, a valve therein and third valve connected with the latter valve and the outlet-pipe, and means for successively closing all the valves, substantially as described and shown.

10. In an apparatus of the class described, a gas-chamber,ot` a receptacle below the same and forming part thereof, a valve separating the two, devices connected to said valve and organized to lift and expose in the chamber a large surface of chemical to the gas, a lifting-lever connected to said valve, a gas-supply pipe, a cut-off valve therein, an exit-pipe from said chamber a valve therein, and a third valve vented to the atmosphere, connected to the outlet-pipe, means for closing all the valves in the order named and a liquid-levelindicating device connected to the third valve, substantially as described and shown.

11. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-chamber, a gassupply pipe, a liquid-sealed relief-valve in said pipe and a cut-ott valve in the supplypipe between the reliefvalve and gas-chamber sealed by a liquid of greater density than the liquid sealing the by-pass, substantially as described and shown.

l2. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with the gasabsorption chamber, of a U-tube connected at one leg therewith, a liquid in the bend of said tube, a lever organized to operate a stylus, a float in the other leg of said tube connected to said lever and a drum revoluble past said stylus, substantially as described and shown.

13. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with the gas-absorption chamber, of a U-tube having one leg connected therewith, a valve between said tube and chamber organized to vent both to the atmosphere and a float in the other leg of said tube organized to operate a recording-stylus, substantially as described and shown.

lit. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-absorption chamber and a supply-pipe of a liquid-sealed cutoil valve in said pipe, an outlet-pipe, a liquidsealed outlet-valve therein, a third valve interposed between the outlet-valve and chamber, a U-tubecontaining a liquid connected with said third valve, all of the valves organized to be closed in the order named and the last-mentioned valve organized to vent both chamber and tube to the atmosphere, substantially as described and shown.

15. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination with a gas-absorption chamber and a supply-pipe, of a liquid-sealed cutoff valve in said pipe, an outlet-pipe, a liquidsealed outlet-valve therein, a third valve connected to lthe outlet-pipe, a strainer interposed between this valve and outlet-pipe, a U-tube connected at one leg to the third valve, a pipe for feeding sealing liquid common to all ot' the valves said valvesorganized to close in the order named, substantially as described and shown.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAX ARNDT.

Vitnesses:

ADoLF HARTMANN, E. M. BRUNDAGE.

Sol

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